Legacy Mixtures (thermo.mixture)¶
- class thermo.mixture.Mixture(IDs=None, zs=None, ws=None, Vfls=None, Vfgs=None, T=None, P=None, VF=None, H=None, Hm=None, S=None, Sm=None, pkg=None, Vf_TP=(None, None))[source]¶
Bases:
object
Creates a Mixture object which contains basic information such as molecular weight and the structure of the species, as well as thermodynamic and transport properties as a function of two of the variables temperature, pressure, vapor fraction, enthalpy, or entropy.
The components of the mixture must be specified by specifying the names of the chemicals; the composition can be specified by providing any one of the following parameters:
Mass fractions ws
Mole fractions zs
Liquid volume fractions (based on pure component densities) Vfls
Gas volume fractions (based on pure component densities) Vfgs
If volume fractions are provided, by default the pure component volumes are calculated at the specified T and P. To use another reference temperature and pressure specify it as a tuple for the argument Vf_TP.
If no thermodynamic conditions are specified, or if only one of T and P are specifed without another thermodynamic variable as well, the T and P 298.15 K and/or 101325 Pa will be set instead of the missing variables.
- Parameters
- IDs
list
,optional
List of chemical identifiers - names, CAS numbers, SMILES or InChi strings can all be recognized and may be mixed [-]
- zs
list
ordict
,optional
Mole fractions of all components in the mixture [-]
- ws
list
ordict
,optional
Mass fractions of all components in the mixture [-]
- Vfls
list
ordict
,optional
Volume fractions of all components as a hypothetical liquid phase based on pure component densities [-]
- Vfgs
list
,or
dict
optional
Volume fractions of all components as a hypothetical gas phase based on pure component densities [-]
- T
float
,optional
Temperature of the mixture (default 298.15 K), [K]
- P
float
,optional
Pressure of the mixture (default 101325 Pa) [Pa]
- VF
float
,optional
Vapor fraction (mole basis) of the mixture, [-]
- Hm
float
,optional
Molar enthalpy of the mixture, [J/mol]
- H
float
,optional
Mass enthalpy of the mixture, [J/kg]
- Sm
float
,optional
Molar entropy of the mixture, [J/mol/K]
- S
float
,optional
Mass entropy of the mixture, [J/kg/K]
- pkg
object
The thermodynamic property package to use for flash calculations; one of the caloric packages in
thermo.property_package
; defaults to the ideal model [-]- Vf_TP
tuple
(2,float
),optional
The (T, P) at which the volume fractions are specified to be at, [K] and [Pa]
- IDs
Notes
Warning
The Mixture class is not designed for high-performance or the ability to use different thermodynamic models. It is especially limited in its multiphase support and the ability to solve with specifications other than temperature and pressure. It is impossible to change constant properties such as a compound’s critical temperature in this interface.
It is recommended to switch over to the
thermo.flash
interface which solves those problems and is better positioned to grow. That interface also requires users to be responsible for their chemical constants and pure component correlations; while default values can easily be loaded for most compounds, the user is ultimately responsible for them.Examples
Creating Mixture objects:
>>> Mixture(['water', 'ethanol'], Vfls=[.6, .4], T=300, P=1E5) <Mixture, components=['water', 'ethanol'], mole fractions=[0.8299, 0.1701], T=300.00 K, P=100000 Pa>
For mixtures with large numbers of components, it may be confusing to enter the composition separate from the names of the chemicals. For that case, the syntax using dictionaries as follows is supported with any composition specification:
>>> comp = OrderedDict([('methane', 0.96522), ... ('nitrogen', 0.00259), ... ('carbon dioxide', 0.00596), ... ('ethane', 0.01819), ... ('propane', 0.0046), ... ('isobutane', 0.00098), ... ('butane', 0.00101), ... ('2-methylbutane', 0.00047), ... ('pentane', 0.00032), ... ('hexane', 0.00066)]) >>> m = Mixture(zs=comp)
- Attributes
- MW
float
Mole-weighted average molecular weight all chemicals in the mixture, [g/mol]
- IDs
list
of
str
Names of all the species in the mixture as given in the input, [-]
- names
list
of
str
Names of all the species in the mixture, [-]
- CASs
list
of
str
CAS numbers of all species in the mixture, [-]
- MWs
list
of
float
Molecular weights of all chemicals in the mixture, [g/mol]
- Tms
list
of
float
Melting temperatures of all chemicals in the mixture, [K]
- Tbs
list
of
float
Boiling temperatures of all chemicals in the mixture, [K]
- Tcs
list
of
float
Critical temperatures of all chemicals in the mixture, [K]
- Pcs
list
of
float
Critical pressures of all chemicals in the mixture, [Pa]
- Vcs
list
of
float
Critical volumes of all chemicals in the mixture, [m^3/mol]
- Zcs
list
of
float
Critical compressibilities of all chemicals in the mixture, [-]
- rhocs
list
of
float
Critical densities of all chemicals in the mixture, [kg/m^3]
- rhocms
list
of
float
Critical molar densities of all chemicals in the mixture, [mol/m^3]
- omegas
list
of
float
Acentric factors of all chemicals in the mixture, [-]
- StielPolars
list
of
float
Stiel Polar factors of all chemicals in the mixture, see
chemicals.acentric.Stiel_polar_factor
for the definition, [-]- Tts
list
of
float
Triple temperatures of all chemicals in the mixture, [K]
- Pts
list
of
float
Triple pressures of all chemicals in the mixture, [Pa]
- Hfuss
list
of
float
Enthalpy of fusions of all chemicals in the mixture, [J/kg]
- Hfusms
list
of
float
Molar enthalpy of fusions of all chemicals in the mixture, [J/mol]
- Hsubs
list
of
float
Enthalpy of sublimations of all chemicals in the mixture, [J/kg]
- Hsubms
list
of
float
Molar enthalpy of sublimations of all chemicals in the mixture, [J/mol]
- Hfms
list
of
float
Molar enthalpy of formations of all chemicals in the mixture, [J/mol]
- Hfs
list
of
float
Enthalpy of formations of all chemicals in the mixture, [J/kg]
- Gfms
list
of
float
Molar Gibbs free energies of formation of all chemicals in the mixture, [J/mol]
- Gfs
list
of
float
Gibbs free energies of formation of all chemicals in the mixture, [J/kg]
- Sfms
list
of
float
Molar entropy of formation of all chemicals in the mixture, [J/mol/K]
- Sfs
list
of
float
Entropy of formation of all chemicals in the mixture, [J/kg/K]
- S0ms
list
of
float
Standard absolute entropies of all chemicals in the mixture, [J/mol/K]
- S0s
list
of
float
Standard absolute entropies of all chemicals in the mixture, [J/kg/K]
- Hcms
list
of
float
Molar higher heats of combustions of all chemicals in the mixture, [J/mol]
- Hcs
list
of
float
Higher heats of combustions of all chemicals in the mixture, [J/kg]
- Hcms_lower
list
of
float
Molar lower heats of combustions of all chemicals in the mixture, [J/mol]
- Hcs_lower
list
of
float
Higher lower of combustions of all chemicals in the mixture, [J/kg]
- Tflashs
list
of
float
Flash points of all chemicals in the mixture, [K]
- Tautoignitions
list
of
float
Autoignition points of all chemicals in the mixture, [K]
- LFLs
list
of
float
Lower flammability limits of the gases in an atmosphere at STP, mole fractions, [-]
- UFLs
list
of
float
Upper flammability limit of the gases in an atmosphere at STP, mole fractions, [-]
- TWAs
list
of
list
of
tuple
(quantity
,unit
) Time-Weighted Average limits on worker exposure to dangerous chemicals.
- STELs
list
of
tuple
(quantity
,unit
) Short-term Exposure limits on worker exposure to dangerous chemicals.
- Ceilings
list
of
tuple
(quantity
,unit
) Ceiling limits on worker exposure to dangerous chemicals.
- Skins
list
of
bool Whether or not each of the chemicals can be absorbed through the skin.
- Carcinogens
list
of
str
ordict
Carcinogen status information for each chemical in the mixture.
- Chemicals
list
of
Chemical
instances
Chemical instances used in calculating mixture properties, [-]
- dipoles
list
of
float
Dipole moments of all chemicals in the mixture in debye, [3.33564095198e-30 ampere*second^2]
- Stockmayers
list
of
float
Lennard-Jones depth of potential-energy minimum over k for all chemicals in the mixture, [K]
- molecular_diameters
list
of
float
Lennard-Jones molecular diameters of all chemicals in the mixture, [angstrom]
- GWPs
list
of
float
Global warming potentials (default 100-year outlook) (impact/mass chemical)/(impact/mass CO2) of all chemicals in the mixture, [-]
- ODPs
list
of
float
Ozone Depletion potentials (impact/mass chemical)/(impact/mass CFC-11), of all chemicals in the mixture, [-]
- logPs
list
of
float
Octanol-water partition coefficients of all chemicals in the mixture, [-]
- Psat_298s
list
of
float
Vapor pressure of the chemicals in the mixture at 298.15 K, [Pa]
- phase_STPs
list
of
str
Phase of the chemicals in the mixture at 298.15 K and 101325 Pa; one of ‘s’, ‘l’, ‘g’, or ‘l/g’.
- Vml_Tbs
list
of
float
Molar volumes of the chemicals in the mixture as liquids at their normal boiling points, [m^3/mol]
- Vml_Tms
list
of
float
Molar volumes of the chemicals in the mixture as liquids at their melting points, [m^3/mol]
- Vml_STPs
list
of
float
Molar volume of the chemicals in the mixture as liquids at 298.15 K and 101325 Pa, [m^3/mol]
- rhoml_STPs
list
of
float
Molar densities of the chemicals in the mixture as liquids at 298.15 K and 101325 Pa, [mol/m^3]
- Vmg_STPs
list
of
float
Molar volume of the chemicals in the mixture as gases at 298.15 K and 101325 Pa, [m^3/mol]
- Vms_Tms
list
of
float
Molar volumes of solid phase at the melting point [m^3/mol]
- rhos_Tms
list
of
float
Mass densities of solid phase at the melting point [kg/m^3]
- Hvap_Tbms
list
of
float
Molar enthalpies of vaporization of the chemicals in the mixture at their normal boiling points, [J/mol]
- Hvap_Tbs
list
of
float
Mass enthalpies of vaporization of the chemicals in the mixture at their normal boiling points, [J/kg]
alpha
Thermal diffusivity of the mixture at its current temperature, pressure, and phase in units of [m^2/s].
alphag
Thermal diffusivity of the gas phase of the mixture if one exists at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [m^2/s].
alphags
Pure component thermal diffusivities of the chemicals in the mixture in the gas phase at the current temperature and pressure, in units of [m^2/s].
alphal
Thermal diffusivity of the liquid phase of the mixture if one exists at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [m^2/s].
alphals
Pure component thermal diffusivities of the chemicals in the mixture in the liquid phase at the current temperature and pressure, in units of [m^2/s].
A
Helmholtz energy of the mixture at its current state, in units of [J/kg].
Am
Helmholtz energy of the mixture at its current state, in units of [J/mol].
atom_fractions
Dictionary of atomic fractions for each atom in the mixture.
atom_fractionss
List of dictionaries of atomic fractions for all chemicals in the mixture.
atomss
List of dictionaries of atom counts for all chemicals in the mixture.
Bvirial
Second virial coefficient of the gas phase of the mixture at its current temperature, pressure, and composition in units of [mol/m^3].
charges
Charges for all chemicals in the mixture, [faraday].
Cp
Mass heat capacity of the mixture at its current phase and temperature, in units of [J/kg/K].
Cpg
Gas-phase heat capacity of the mixture at its current temperature , and composition in units of [J/kg/K].
Cpgm
Gas-phase heat capacity of the mixture at its current temperature and composition, in units of [J/mol/K].
Cpgms
Gas-phase ideal gas heat capacity of the chemicals at its current temperature, in units of [J/mol/K].
Cpgs
Gas-phase pure component heat capacity of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature, in units of [J/kg/K].
Cpl
Liquid-phase heat capacity of the mixture at its current temperature and composition, in units of [J/kg/K].
Cplm
Liquid-phase heat capacity of the mixture at its current temperature and composition, in units of [J/mol/K].
Cplms
Liquid-phase pure component heat capacity of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature, in units of [J/mol/K].
Cpls
Liquid-phase pure component heat capacity of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature, in units of [J/kg/K].
Cpm
Molar heat capacity of the mixture at its current phase and temperature, in units of [J/mol/K].
Cps
Solid-phase heat capacity of the mixture at its current temperature and composition, in units of [J/kg/K].
Cpsm
Solid-phase heat capacity of the mixture at its current temperature and composition, in units of [J/mol/K].
Cpsms
Solid-phase pure component heat capacity of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature, in units of [J/mol/K].
Cpss
Solid-phase pure component heat capacity of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature, in units of [J/kg/K].
Cvg
Gas-phase ideal-gas contant-volume heat capacity of the mixture at its current temperature, in units of [J/kg/K].
Cvgm
Gas-phase ideal-gas contant-volume heat capacity of the mixture at its current temperature and composition, in units of [J/mol/K].
Cvgms
Gas-phase pure component ideal-gas contant-volume heat capacities of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature, in units of [J/mol/K].
Cvgs
Gas-phase pure component ideal-gas contant-volume heat capacities of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature, in units of [J/kg/K].
economic_statuses
List of dictionaries of the economic status for all chemicals in the mixture.
eos
Equation of state object held by the mixture.
formulas
Chemical formulas for all chemicals in the mixture.
Hvapms
Pure component enthalpies of vaporization of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature, in units of [J/mol].
Hvaps
Enthalpy of vaporization of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature, in units of [J/kg].
InChI_Keys
InChI keys for all chemicals in the mixture.
InChIs
InChI strings for all chemicals in the mixture.
isentropic_exponent
Gas-phase ideal-gas isentropic exponent of the mixture at its current temperature, [dimensionless].
isentropic_exponents
Gas-phase pure component ideal-gas isentropic exponent of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature, [dimensionless].
isobaric_expansion
Isobaric (constant-pressure) expansion of the mixture at its current phase, temperature, and pressure in units of [1/K].
isobaric_expansion_g
Isobaric (constant-pressure) expansion of the gas phase of the mixture at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [1/K].
isobaric_expansion_gs
Pure component isobaric (constant-pressure) expansions of the chemicals in the mixture in the gas phase at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [1/K].
isobaric_expansion_l
Isobaric (constant-pressure) expansion of the liquid phase of the mixture at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [1/K].
isobaric_expansion_ls
Pure component isobaric (constant-pressure) expansions of the chemicals in the mixture in the liquid phase at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [1/K].
IUPAC_names
IUPAC names for all chemicals in the mixture.
JT
Joule Thomson coefficient of the mixture at its current phase, temperature, and pressure in units of [K/Pa].
JTg
Joule Thomson coefficient of the gas phase of the mixture if one exists at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [K/Pa].
JTgs
Pure component Joule Thomson coefficients of the chemicals in the mixture in the gas phase at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [K/Pa].
JTl
Joule Thomson coefficient of the liquid phase of the mixture if one exists at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [K/Pa].
JTls
Pure component Joule Thomson coefficients of the chemicals in the mixture in the liquid phase at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [K/Pa].
k
Thermal conductivity of the mixture at its current phase, temperature, and pressure in units of [W/m/K].
kg
Thermal conductivity of the mixture in the gas phase at its current temperature, pressure, and composition in units of [Pa*s].
kgs
Pure component thermal conductivies of the chemicals in the mixture in the gas phase at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [W/m/K].
kl
Thermal conductivity of the mixture in the liquid phase at its current temperature, pressure, and composition in units of [Pa*s].
kls
Pure component thermal conductivities of the chemicals in the mixture in the liquid phase at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [W/m/K].
legal_statuses
List of dictionaries of the legal status for all chemicals in the mixture.
mass_fractions
Dictionary of mass fractions for each atom in the mixture.
mass_fractionss
List of dictionaries of mass fractions for all chemicals in the mixture.
mu
Viscosity of the mixture at its current phase, temperature, and pressure in units of [Pa*s].
mug
Viscosity of the mixture in the gas phase at its current temperature, pressure, and composition in units of [Pa*s].
mugs
Pure component viscosities of the chemicals in the mixture in the gas phase at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [Pa*s].
mul
Viscosity of the mixture in the liquid phase at its current temperature, pressure, and composition in units of [Pa*s].
muls
Pure component viscosities of the chemicals in the mixture in the liquid phase at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [Pa*s].
nu
Kinematic viscosity of the the mixture at its current temperature, pressure, and phase in units of [m^2/s].
nug
Kinematic viscosity of the gas phase of the mixture if one exists at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [m^2/s].
nugs
Pure component kinematic viscosities of the gas phase of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [m^2/s].
nul
Kinematic viscosity of the liquid phase of the mixture if one exists at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [m^2/s].
nuls
Pure component kinematic viscosities of the liquid phase of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [m^2/s].
permittivites
Pure component relative permittivities of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature, [dimensionless].
Pr
Prandtl number of the mixture at its current temperature, pressure, and phase; [dimensionless].
Prg
Prandtl number of the gas phase of the mixture if one exists at its current temperature and pressure, [dimensionless].
Prgs
Pure component Prandtl numbers of the gas phase of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature and pressure, [dimensionless].
Prl
Prandtl number of the liquid phase of the mixture if one exists at its current temperature and pressure, [dimensionless].
Prls
Pure component Prandtl numbers of the liquid phase of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature and pressure, [dimensionless].
Psats
Pure component vapor pressures of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature, in units of [Pa].
PSRK_groups
List of dictionaries of PSRK subgroup: count groups for each chemical in the mixture.
PubChems
PubChem Component ID numbers for all chemicals in the mixture.
rho
Mass density of the mixture at its current phase and temperature and pressure, in units of [kg/m^3].
rhog
Gas-phase mass density of the mixture at its current temperature, pressure, and composition in units of [kg/m^3].
rhogm
Molar density of the mixture in the gas phase at the current temperature, pressure, and composition in units of [mol/m^3].
rhogms
Pure component molar densities of the chemicals in the gas phase at the current temperature and pressure, in units of [mol/m^3].
rhogm_STP
Molar density of the mixture in the gas phase at 298.15 K and 101.325 kPa, and the current composition, in units of [mol/m^3].
rhogs
Pure-component gas-phase mass densities of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [kg/m^3].
rhog_STP
Gas-phase mass density of the mixture at 298.15 K and 101.325 kPa, and the current composition in units of [kg/m^3].
rhol
Liquid-phase mass density of the mixture at its current temperature, pressure, and composition in units of [kg/m^3].
rholm
Molar density of the mixture in the liquid phase at the current temperature, pressure, and composition in units of [mol/m^3].
rholms
Pure component molar densities of the chemicals in the mixture in the liquid phase at the current temperature and pressure, in units of [mol/m^3].
rholm_STP
Molar density of the mixture in the liquid phase at 298.15 K and 101.325 kPa, and the current composition, in units of [mol/m^3].
rhols
Pure-component liquid-phase mass density of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [kg/m^3].
rhol_STP
Liquid-phase mass density of the mixture at 298.15 K and 101.325 kPa, and the current composition in units of [kg/m^3].
rhom
Molar density of the mixture at its current phase and temperature and pressure, in units of [mol/m^3].
rhosms
Pure component molar densities of the chemicals in the solid phase at the current temperature and pressure, in units of [mol/m^3].
rhoss
Pure component solid-phase mass density of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature, in units of [kg/m^3].
ringss
List of ring counts for all chemicals in the mixture.
sigma
Surface tension of the mixture at its current temperature and composition, in units of [N/m].
sigmas
Pure component surface tensions of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature, in units of [N/m].
smiless
SMILES strings for all chemicals in the mixture.
solubility_parameters
Pure component solubility parameters of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [Pa^0.5].
synonymss
Lists of synonyms for all chemicals in the mixture.
U
Internal energy of the mixture at its current state, in units of [J/kg].
Um
Internal energy of the mixture at its current state, in units of [J/mol].
UNIFAC_Dortmund_groups
List of dictionaries of Dortmund UNIFAC subgroup: count groups for each chemcial in the mixture.
UNIFAC_groups
List of dictionaries of UNIFAC subgroup: count groups for each chemical in the mixture.
Vm
Molar volume of the mixture at its current phase and temperature and pressure, in units of [m^3/mol].
Vmg
Gas-phase molar volume of the mixture at its current temperature, pressure, and composition in units of [m^3/mol].
Vmgs
Pure component gas-phase molar volumes of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [m^3/mol].
Vmg_STP
Gas-phase molar volume of the mixture at 298.15 K and 101.325 kPa, and the current composition in units of [m^3/mol].
Vml
Liquid-phase molar volume of the mixture at its current temperature, pressure, and composition in units of [m^3/mol].
Vmls
Pure component liquid-phase molar volumes of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [m^3/mol].
Vml_STP
Liquid-phase molar volume of the mixture at 298.15 K and 101.325 kPa, and the current composition in units of [m^3/mol].
Vmss
Pure component solid-phase molar volumes of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature, in units of [m^3/mol].
Z
Compressibility factor of the mixture at its current phase and temperature and pressure, [dimensionless].
Zg
Compressibility factor of the mixture in the gas phase at the current temperature, pressure, and composition, [dimensionless].
Zgs
Pure component compressibility factors of the chemicals in the mixture in the gas phase at the current temperature and pressure, [dimensionless].
Zg_STP
Gas-phase compressibility factor of the mixture at 298.15 K and 101.325 kPa, and the current composition, [dimensionless].
Zl
Compressibility factor of the mixture in the liquid phase at the current temperature, pressure, and composition, [dimensionless].
Zls
Pure component compressibility factors of the chemicals in the liquid phase at the current temperature and pressure, [dimensionless].
Zl_STP
Liquid-phase compressibility factor of the mixture at 298.15 K and 101.325 kPa, and the current composition, [dimensionless].
Zss
Pure component compressibility factors of the chemicals in the mixture in the solid phase at the current temperature and pressure, [dimensionless].
- MW
Methods
Hc_volumetric_g
([T, P])Standard higher molar heat of combustion of the mixture, in units of [J/m^3] at the specified T and P in the gas phase.
Hc_volumetric_g_lower
([T, P])Standard lower molar heat of combustion of the mixture, in units of [J/m^3] at the specified T and P in the gas phase.
Vfgs
([T, P])Volume fractions of all species in a hypothetical pure-gas phase at the current or specified temperature and pressure.
Vfls
([T, P])Volume fractions of all species in a hypothetical pure-liquid phase at the current or specified temperature and pressure.
draw_2d
([Hs])Interface for drawing a 2D image of all the molecules in the mixture.
set_chemical_TP
([T, P])Basic method to change all chemical instances to be at the T and P specified.
Basic method which retrieves and sets constants of chemicals to be accessible as lists from a Mixture object.
Bond
Capillary
Grashof
Jakob
Peclet_heat
Reynolds
Weber
compound_index
eos_pures
flash_caloric
properties
set_Chemical_property_objects
set_TP_sources
set_constant_sources
set_constants
set_eos
set_property_package
- property A¶
Helmholtz energy of the mixture at its current state, in units of [J/kg].
This property requires that the property package of the mixture found a solution to the given state variables. It also depends on the molar volume of the mixture at its current conditions.
- property API¶
API gravity of the hypothetical liquid phase of the mixture, [degrees]. The reference condition is water at 15.6 °C (60 °F) and 1 atm (rho=999.016 kg/m^3, standardized).
Examples
>>> Mixture(['hexane', 'decane'], ws=[0.5, 0.5]).API 71.34707841728181
- property Am¶
Helmholtz energy of the mixture at its current state, in units of [J/mol].
This property requires that the property package of the mixture found a solution to the given state variables. It also depends on the molar volume of the mixture at its current conditions.
- property Bvirial¶
Second virial coefficient of the gas phase of the mixture at its current temperature, pressure, and composition in units of [mol/m^3].
This property uses the object-oriented interface
thermo.volume.VolumeGasMixture
, converting its result withthermo.utils.B_from_Z
.Examples
>>> Mixture(['hexane'], ws=[1], T=300, P=1E5).Bvirial -0.001486976173801296
- property Cp¶
Mass heat capacity of the mixture at its current phase and temperature, in units of [J/kg/K].
Examples
>>> w = Mixture(['water'], ws=[1]) >>> w.Cp, w.phase (4180.597021827336, 'l') >>> Pd = Mixture(['palladium'], ws=[1]) >>> Pd.Cp, Pd.phase (234.26767209171211, 's')
- property Cpg¶
Gas-phase heat capacity of the mixture at its current temperature , and composition in units of [J/kg/K]. For calculation of this property at other temperatures or compositions, or specifying manually the method used to calculate it, and more - see the object oriented interface
thermo.heat_capacity.HeatCapacityGasMixture
; each Mixture instance creates one to actually perform the calculations. Note that that interface provides output in molar units.Examples
>>> Mixture(['oxygen', 'nitrogen'], ws=[.4, .6], T=350, P=1E6).Cpg 995.8911053614883
- property Cpgm¶
Gas-phase heat capacity of the mixture at its current temperature and composition, in units of [J/mol/K]. For calculation of this property at other temperatures or compositions, or specifying manually the method used to calculate it, and more - see the object oriented interface
thermo.heat_capacity.HeatCapacityGasMixture
; each Mixture instance creates one to actually perform the calculations.Examples
>>> Mixture(['oxygen', 'nitrogen'], ws=[.4, .6], T=350, P=1E6).Cpgm 29.361044582498046
- property Cpgms¶
Gas-phase ideal gas heat capacity of the chemicals at its current temperature, in units of [J/mol/K].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['benzene', 'toluene'], ws=[0.5, 0.5], T=320).Cpgms [89.55804092586159, 111.70390334788907]
- property Cpgs¶
Gas-phase pure component heat capacity of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature, in units of [J/kg/K].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['benzene', 'toluene'], ws=[0.5, 0.5], T=320).Cpgs [1146.5360555565146, 1212.3488046342566]
- property Cpl¶
Liquid-phase heat capacity of the mixture at its current temperature and composition, in units of [J/kg/K]. For calculation of this property at other temperatures or compositions, or specifying manually the method used to calculate it, and more - see the object oriented interface
thermo.heat_capacity.HeatCapacityLiquidMixture
; each Mixture instance creates one to actually perform the calculations. Note that that interface provides output in molar units.Examples
>>> Mixture(['water', 'sodium chloride'], ws=[.9, .1], T=301.5).Cpl 3735.4604049449786
- property Cplm¶
Liquid-phase heat capacity of the mixture at its current temperature and composition, in units of [J/mol/K]. For calculation of this property at other temperatures or compositions, or specifying manually the method used to calculate it, and more - see the object oriented interface
thermo.heat_capacity.HeatCapacityLiquidMixture
; each Mixture instance creates one to actually perform the calculations.Examples
>>> Mixture(['toluene', 'decane'], ws=[.9, .1], T=300).Cplm 168.29127923518843
- property Cplms¶
Liquid-phase pure component heat capacity of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature, in units of [J/mol/K].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['benzene', 'toluene'], ws=[0.5, 0.5], T=320).Cplms [140.9113971170526, 163.62584810669068]
- property Cpls¶
Liquid-phase pure component heat capacity of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature, in units of [J/kg/K].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['benzene', 'toluene'], ws=[0.5, 0.5], T=320).Cpls [1803.9697581961016, 1775.869915141704]
- property Cpm¶
Molar heat capacity of the mixture at its current phase and temperature, in units of [J/mol/K]. Available only if single phase.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['ethylbenzene'], ws=[1], T=550, P=3E6).Cpm 294.18449553310046
- property Cps¶
Solid-phase heat capacity of the mixture at its current temperature and composition, in units of [J/kg/K]. For calculation of this property at other temperatures or compositions, or specifying manually the method used to calculate it, and more - see the object oriented interface
thermo.heat_capacity.HeatCapacitySolidMixture
; each Mixture instance creates one to actually perform the calculations. Note that that interface provides output in molar units.Examples
>>> Mixture(['silver', 'platinum'], ws=[0.95, 0.05]).Cps 229.55166388430328
- property Cpsm¶
Solid-phase heat capacity of the mixture at its current temperature and composition, in units of [J/mol/K]. For calculation of this property at other temperatures or compositions, or specifying manually the method used to calculate it, and more - see the object oriented interface
thermo.heat_capacity.HeatCapacitySolidMixture
; each Mixture instance creates one to actually perform the calculations.Examples
>>> Mixture(['silver', 'platinum'], ws=[0.95, 0.05]).Cpsm 25.32745796347474
- property Cpsms¶
Solid-phase pure component heat capacity of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature, in units of [J/mol/K].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['benzene', 'toluene'], ws=[0.5, 0.5], T=320).Cpsms [109.77384365511931, 135.22614707678474]
- property Cpss¶
Solid-phase pure component heat capacity of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature, in units of [J/kg/K].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['benzene', 'toluene'], ws=[0.5, 0.5], T=320).Cpss [1405.341925822248, 1467.6412627521154]
- property Cvg¶
Gas-phase ideal-gas contant-volume heat capacity of the mixture at its current temperature, in units of [J/kg/K]. Subtracts R from the ideal-gas heat capacity; does not include pressure-compensation from an equation of state.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['water'], ws=[1], T=520).Cvg 1506.1471795798861
- property Cvgm¶
Gas-phase ideal-gas contant-volume heat capacity of the mixture at its current temperature and composition, in units of [J/mol/K]. Subtracts R from the ideal-gas heat capacity; does not include pressure-compensation from an equation of state.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['water'], ws=[1], T=520).Cvgm 27.13366316134193
- property Cvgms¶
Gas-phase pure component ideal-gas contant-volume heat capacities of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature, in units of [J/mol/K]. Subtracts R from the ideal-gas heat capacities; does not include pressure-compensation from an equation of state.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['benzene', 'toluene'], ws=[0.5, 0.5], T=320).Cvgms [81.2435811258616, 103.38944354788907]
- property Cvgs¶
Gas-phase pure component ideal-gas contant-volume heat capacities of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature, in units of [J/kg/K]. Subtracts R from the ideal-gas heat capacity; does not include pressure-compensation from an equation of state.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['benzene', 'toluene'], ws=[0.5, 0.5], T=320).Cvgs [1040.093040003431, 1122.1100117398266]
- H = None¶
- property Hc¶
Standard higher heat of combustion of the mixture, in units of [J/kg].
This property depends on the bulk composition only.
- property Hc_lower¶
Standard lower heat of combustion of the mixture, in units of [J/kg].
This property depends on the bulk composition only.
- Hc_volumetric_g(T=288.7055555555555, P=101325.0)[source]¶
Standard higher molar heat of combustion of the mixture, in units of [J/m^3] at the specified T and P in the gas phase.
This property depends on the bulk composition only.
- Hc_volumetric_g_lower(T=288.7055555555555, P=101325.0)[source]¶
Standard lower molar heat of combustion of the mixture, in units of [J/m^3] at the specified T and P in the gas phase.
This property depends on the bulk composition only.
- property Hcm¶
Standard higher molar heat of combustion of the mixture, in units of [J/mol].
This property depends on the bulk composition only.
- property Hcm_lower¶
Standard lower molar heat of combustion of the mixture, in units of [J/mol].
This property depends on the bulk composition only.
- Hm = None¶
- property Hvapms¶
Pure component enthalpies of vaporization of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature, in units of [J/mol].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['benzene', 'toluene'], ws=[0.5, 0.5], T=320).Hvapms [32639.806783391632, 36851.7902195611]
- property Hvaps¶
Enthalpy of vaporization of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature, in units of [J/kg].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['benzene', 'toluene'], ws=[0.5, 0.5], T=320).Hvaps [417859.9144942896, 399961.16950519773]
- property IUPAC_names¶
IUPAC names for all chemicals in the mixture.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['1-hexene', '1-nonene'], zs=[.7, .3]).IUPAC_names ['hex-1-ene', 'non-1-ene']
- property InChI_Keys¶
InChI keys for all chemicals in the mixture.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['1-nonene'], zs=[1]).InChI_Keys ['JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N']
- property InChIs¶
InChI strings for all chemicals in the mixture.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['methane', 'ethane', 'propane', 'butane'], ... zs=[0.25, 0.25, 0.25, 0.25]).InChIs ['CH4/h1H4', 'C2H6/c1-2/h1-2H3', 'C3H8/c1-3-2/h3H2,1-2H3', 'C4H10/c1-3-4-2/h3-4H2,1-2H3']
- property JT¶
Joule Thomson coefficient of the mixture at its current phase, temperature, and pressure in units of [K/Pa]. Available only if single phase.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['water'], ws=[1]).JT -2.2150394958666412e-07
- property JTg¶
Joule Thomson coefficient of the gas phase of the mixture if one exists at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [K/Pa].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['dodecane'], ws=[1], T=400, P=1000).JTg 5.4089897835384913e-05
- property JTgs¶
Pure component Joule Thomson coefficients of the chemicals in the mixture in the gas phase at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [K/Pa].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['benzene', 'hexane'], ws=[0.5, 0.5], T=320).JTgs [6.0940046688790938e-05, 4.1290005523287549e-05]
- property JTl¶
Joule Thomson coefficient of the liquid phase of the mixture if one exists at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [K/Pa].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['dodecane'], ws=[1], T=400).JTl -3.193910574559279e-07
- property JTls¶
Pure component Joule Thomson coefficients of the chemicals in the mixture in the liquid phase at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [K/Pa].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['benzene', 'hexane'], ws=[0.5, 0.5], T=320).JTls [-3.8633730709853161e-07, -3.464395792560331e-07]
- property PSRK_groups¶
List of dictionaries of PSRK subgroup: count groups for each chemical in the mixture. Uses the PSRK subgroups, as determined by DDBST’s online service.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['1-pentanol', 'decane'], ws=[0.5, 0.5]).PSRK_groups [{1: 1, 2: 4, 14: 1}, {1: 2, 2: 8}]
- P_default = 101325.0¶
- property Parachor¶
Parachor of the mixture at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [N^0.25*m^2.75/mol].
Calculated based on surface tension, density of the liquid and gas phase, and molecular weight. For uses of this property, see
thermo.utils.Parachor
.Examples
>>> Mixture(['benzene', 'hexane'], ws=[0.5, 0.5], T=320).Parachor 4.233407085050756e-05
- property Parachors¶
Pure component Parachor parameters of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [N^0.25*m^2.75/mol].
Calculated based on surface tension, density of the liquid and gas phase, and molecular weight. For uses of this property, see
thermo.utils.Parachor
.Examples
>>> Mixture(['benzene', 'hexane'], ws=[0.5, 0.5], T=320).Parachors [3.6795616000855504e-05, 4.82947303150274e-05]
- property Pbubble¶
Bubble point pressure of the mixture at its current temperature and composition, in units of [Pa].
This property requires that the property package of the mixture found a solution to the given state variables.
- property Pdew¶
Dew point pressure of the mixture at its current temperature and composition, in units of [Pa].
This property requires that the property package of the mixture found a solution to the given state variables.
- property Pr¶
Prandtl number of the mixture at its current temperature, pressure, and phase; [dimensionless]. Available only if single phase.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['acetone'], ws=[1]).Pr 4.183039103542711
- property Prg¶
Prandtl number of the gas phase of the mixture if one exists at its current temperature and pressure, [dimensionless].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['NH3'], ws=[1]).Prg 0.8472637319330079
- property Prgs¶
Pure component Prandtl numbers of the gas phase of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature and pressure, [dimensionless].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['benzene', 'hexane'], ws=[0.5, 0.5], T=320).Prgs [0.7810364900059606, 0.784358381123896]
- property Prl¶
Prandtl number of the liquid phase of the mixture if one exists at its current temperature and pressure, [dimensionless].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['nitrogen'], ws=[1], T=70).Prl 2.782821450148889
- property Prls¶
Pure component Prandtl numbers of the liquid phase of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature and pressure, [dimensionless].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['benzene', 'hexane'], ws=[0.5, 0.5], T=320).Prls [6.13542244155373, 5.034355147908088]
- property Psats¶
Pure component vapor pressures of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature, in units of [Pa].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['benzene', 'toluene'], ws=[0.5, 0.5], T=320).Psats [32029.25774454549, 10724.419010511821]
- property PubChems¶
PubChem Component ID numbers for all chemicals in the mixture.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['benzene', 'toluene'], ws=[0.5, 0.5]).PubChems [241, 1140]
- property R_specific¶
Specific gas constant of the mixture, in units of [J/kg/K].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['N2', 'O2'], zs=[0.79, .21]).R_specific 288.1928437986195
- property SG¶
Specific gravity of the mixture, [dimensionless].
For gas-phase conditions, this is calculated at 15.6 °C (60 °F) and 1 atm for the mixture and the reference fluid, air. For liquid and solid phase conditions, this is calculated based on a reference fluid of water at 4°C at 1 atm, but the with the liquid or solid mixture’s density at the currently specified conditions.
Examples
>>> Mixture('MTBE').SG 0.7428160596603596
- property SGg¶
Specific gravity of a hypothetical gas phase of the mixture, . [dimensionless]. The reference condition is air at 15.6 °C (60 °F) and 1 atm (rho=1.223 kg/m^3). The definition for gases uses the compressibility factor of the reference gas and the mixture both at the reference conditions, not the conditions of the mixture.
Examples
>>> Mixture('argon').SGg 1.3800407778218216
- property SGl¶
Specific gravity of a hypothetical liquid phase of the mixture at the specified temperature and pressure, [dimensionless]. The reference condition is water at 4 °C and 1 atm (rho=999.017 kg/m^3). For liquids, SG is defined that the reference chemical’s T and P are fixed, but the chemical itself varies with the specified T and P.
Examples
>>> Mixture('water', ws=[1], T=365).SGl 0.9650065522428539
- property SGs¶
Specific gravity of a hypothetical solid phase of the mixture at the specified temperature and pressure, [dimensionless]. The reference condition is water at 4 °C and 1 atm (rho=999.017 kg/m^3). The SG varries with temperature and pressure but only very slightly.
- T_default = 298.15¶
- property Tbubble¶
Bubble point temperature of the mixture at its current pressure and composition, in units of [K].
This property requires that the property package of the mixture found a solution to the given state variables.
- property Tdew¶
Dew point temperature of the mixture at its current pressure and composition, in units of [K].
This property requires that the property package of the mixture found a solution to the given state variables.
- property U¶
Internal energy of the mixture at its current state, in units of [J/kg].
This property requires that the property package of the mixture found a solution to the given state variables. It also depends on the molar volume of the mixture at its current conditions.
- property UNIFAC_Dortmund_groups¶
List of dictionaries of Dortmund UNIFAC subgroup: count groups for each chemcial in the mixture. Uses the Dortmund UNIFAC subgroups, as determined by DDBST’s online service.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['1-pentanol', 'decane'], ws=[0.5, 0.5]).UNIFAC_Dortmund_groups [{1: 1, 2: 4, 14: 1}, {1: 2, 2: 8}]
- property UNIFAC_Qs¶
UNIFAC Q (normalized Van der Waals area) values, dimensionless. Used in the UNIFAC model.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['o-xylene', 'decane'], zs=[.5, .5]).UNIFAC_Qs [3.536, 6.016]
- property UNIFAC_Rs¶
UNIFAC R (normalized Van der Waals volume) values, dimensionless. Used in the UNIFAC model.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['o-xylene', 'm-xylene'], zs=[.5, .5]).UNIFAC_Rs [4.6578, 4.6578]
- property UNIFAC_groups¶
List of dictionaries of UNIFAC subgroup: count groups for each chemical in the mixture. Uses the original UNIFAC subgroups, as determined by DDBST’s online service.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['1-pentanol', 'decane'], ws=[0.5, 0.5]).UNIFAC_groups [{1: 1, 2: 4, 14: 1}, {1: 2, 2: 8}]
- property Um¶
Internal energy of the mixture at its current state, in units of [J/mol].
This property requires that the property package of the mixture found a solution to the given state variables. It also depends on the molar volume of the mixture at its current conditions.
- V_over_F = None¶
- property Van_der_Waals_areas¶
List of unnormalized Van der Waals areas of all the chemicals in the mixture, in units of [m^2/mol].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['1-pentanol', 'decane'], ws=[0.5, 0.5]).Van_der_Waals_areas [1052000.0, 1504000.0]
- property Van_der_Waals_volumes¶
List of unnormalized Van der Waals volumes of all the chemicals in the mixture, in units of [m^3/mol].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['1-pentanol', 'decane'], ws=[0.5, 0.5]).Van_der_Waals_volumes [6.9762279e-05, 0.00010918455800000001]
- Vfgs(T=None, P=None)[source]¶
Volume fractions of all species in a hypothetical pure-gas phase at the current or specified temperature and pressure. If temperature or pressure are specified, the non-specified property is assumed to be that of the mixture. Note this is a method, not a property. Volume fractions are calculated based on pure species volumes only.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['sulfur hexafluoride', 'methane'], zs=[.2, .9], T=315).Vfgs() [0.18062059238682632, 0.8193794076131737]
>>> S = Mixture(['sulfur hexafluoride', 'methane'], zs=[.1, .9]) >>> S.Vfgs(P=1E2) [0.0999987466608421, 0.9000012533391578]
- Vfls(T=None, P=None)[source]¶
Volume fractions of all species in a hypothetical pure-liquid phase at the current or specified temperature and pressure. If temperature or pressure are specified, the non-specified property is assumed to be that of the mixture. Note this is a method, not a property. Volume fractions are calculated based on pure species volumes only.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['hexane', 'pentane'], zs=[.5, .5], T=315).Vfls() [0.5299671144566751, 0.47003288554332484]
>>> S = Mixture(['hexane', 'decane'], zs=[0.25, 0.75]) >>> S.Vfls(298.16, 101326) [0.18301434895886864, 0.8169856510411313]
- property Vm¶
Molar volume of the mixture at its current phase and temperature and pressure, in units of [m^3/mol]. Available only if single phase.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['ethylbenzene'], ws=[1], T=550, P=3E6).Vm 0.00017758024401627633
- property Vmg¶
Gas-phase molar volume of the mixture at its current temperature, pressure, and composition in units of [m^3/mol]. For calculation of this property at other temperatures or pressures or compositions, or specifying manually the method used to calculate it, and more - see the object oriented interface
thermo.volume.VolumeGasMixture
; each Mixture instance creates one to actually perform the calculations.Examples
>>> Mixture(['hexane'], ws=[1], T=300, P=2E5).Vmg 0.010888694235142216
- property Vmg_STP¶
Gas-phase molar volume of the mixture at 298.15 K and 101.325 kPa, and the current composition in units of [m^3/mol].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['nitrogen'], ws=[1]).Vmg_STP 0.02445443688838904
- property Vmgs¶
Pure component gas-phase molar volumes of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [m^3/mol].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['benzene', 'toluene'], ws=[0.5, 0.5], T=320).Vmgs [0.024929001982294974, 0.024150186467130488]
- property Vml¶
Liquid-phase molar volume of the mixture at its current temperature, pressure, and composition in units of [m^3/mol]. For calculation of this property at other temperatures or pressures or compositions, or specifying manually the method used to calculate it, and more - see the object oriented interface
thermo.volume.VolumeLiquidMixture
; each Mixture instance creates one to actually perform the calculations.Examples
>>> Mixture(['cyclobutane'], ws=[1], T=225).Vml 7.42395423425395e-05
- property Vml_STP¶
Liquid-phase molar volume of the mixture at 298.15 K and 101.325 kPa, and the current composition in units of [m^3/mol].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['cyclobutane'], ws=[1]).Vml_STP 8.143327329133706e-05
- property Vmls¶
Pure component liquid-phase molar volumes of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [m^3/mol].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['benzene', 'toluene'], ws=[0.5, 0.5], T=320).Vmls [9.188896727673715e-05, 0.00010946199496993461]
- Vms = None¶
- property Vmss¶
Pure component solid-phase molar volumes of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature, in units of [m^3/mol].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['iron'], ws=[1], T=320).Vmss [7.09593392630242e-06]
- property Z¶
Compressibility factor of the mixture at its current phase and temperature and pressure, [dimensionless]. Available only if single phase.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['MTBE'], ws=[1], T=900, P=1E-2).Z 0.9999999999056374
- property Zg¶
Compressibility factor of the mixture in the gas phase at the current temperature, pressure, and composition, [dimensionless].
Utilizes the object oriented interface and
thermo.volume.VolumeGasMixture
to perform the actual calculation of molar volume.Examples
>>> Mixture(['hexane'], ws=[1], T=300, P=1E5).Zg 0.9403859376888885
- property Zg_STP¶
Gas-phase compressibility factor of the mixture at 298.15 K and 101.325 kPa, and the current composition, [dimensionless].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['nitrogen'], ws=[1]).Zg_STP 0.9995520809691023
- property Zgs¶
Pure component compressibility factors of the chemicals in the mixture in the gas phase at the current temperature and pressure, [dimensionless].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['benzene', 'toluene'], ws=[0.5, 0.5], T=320).Zgs [0.9493743379816593, 0.9197146081359057]
- property Zl¶
Compressibility factor of the mixture in the liquid phase at the current temperature, pressure, and composition, [dimensionless].
Utilizes the object oriented interface and
thermo.volume.VolumeLiquidMixture
to perform the actual calculation of molar volume.Examples
>>> Mixture(['water'], ws=[1]).Zl 0.0007385375470263454
- property Zl_STP¶
Liquid-phase compressibility factor of the mixture at 298.15 K and 101.325 kPa, and the current composition, [dimensionless].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['cyclobutane'], ws=[1]).Zl_STP 0.0033285083663950068
- property Zls¶
Pure component compressibility factors of the chemicals in the liquid phase at the current temperature and pressure, [dimensionless].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['benzene', 'toluene'], ws=[0.5, 0.5], T=320).Zls [0.0034994191720201235, 0.004168655010037687]
- property Zss¶
Pure component compressibility factors of the chemicals in the mixture in the solid phase at the current temperature and pressure, [dimensionless].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['palladium'], ws=[1]).Zss [0.00036248477437931853]
- property alpha¶
Thermal diffusivity of the mixture at its current temperature, pressure, and phase in units of [m^2/s]. Available only if single phase.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['furfural'], ws=[1]).alpha 8.696537158635412e-08
- property alphag¶
Thermal diffusivity of the gas phase of the mixture if one exists at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [m^2/s].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['ammonia'], ws=[1]).alphag 1.6968517002221566e-05
- property alphags¶
Pure component thermal diffusivities of the chemicals in the mixture in the gas phase at the current temperature and pressure, in units of [m^2/s].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['benzene', 'hexane'], ws=[0.5, 0.5], T=320).alphags [3.3028044028118324e-06, 2.4412958544059014e-06]
- property alphal¶
Thermal diffusivity of the liquid phase of the mixture if one exists at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [m^2/s].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['nitrogen'], ws=[1], T=70).alphal 9.444949636299626e-08
- property alphals¶
Pure component thermal diffusivities of the chemicals in the mixture in the liquid phase at the current temperature and pressure, in units of [m^2/s].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['benzene', 'hexane'], ws=[0.5, 0.5], T=320).alphals [8.732683564481583e-08, 7.57355434073289e-08]
- property atom_fractions¶
Dictionary of atomic fractions for each atom in the mixture.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['CO2', 'O2'], zs=[0.5, 0.5]).atom_fractions {'C': 0.2, 'O': 0.8}
- property atom_fractionss¶
List of dictionaries of atomic fractions for all chemicals in the mixture.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['oxygen', 'nitrogen'], zs=[.5, .5]).atom_fractionss [{'O': 1.0}, {'N': 1.0}]
- property atoms¶
Mole-averaged dictionary of atom counts for all atoms of the chemicals in the mixture.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['nitrogen', 'oxygen'], zs=[.01, .99]).atoms {'O': 1.98, 'N': 0.02}
- property atomss¶
List of dictionaries of atom counts for all chemicals in the mixture.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['nitrogen', 'oxygen'], zs=[.01, .99]).atomss [{'N': 2}, {'O': 2}]
- autoflash = True¶
- property charge_balance¶
Charge imbalance of the mixture, in units of [faraday]. Mixtures meeting the electroneutrality condition will have an imbalance of 0.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['Na+', 'Cl-', 'water'], zs=[.01, .01, .98]).charge_balance 0.0
- property charges¶
Charges for all chemicals in the mixture, [faraday].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['water', 'sodium ion', 'chloride ion'], zs=[.9, .05, .05]).charges [0, 1, -1]
- conductivity = None¶
- property constants¶
Returns a :obj:`thermo.chemical_package.ChemicalConstantsPackage instance with constants from the mixture, [-].
- draw_2d(Hs=False)[source]¶
Interface for drawing a 2D image of all the molecules in the mixture. Requires an HTML5 browser, and the libraries RDKit and IPython. An exception is raised if either of these libraries is absent.
- Parameters
- Hsbool
Whether or not to show hydrogen
Examples
Mixture([‘natural gas’]).draw_2d()
- property economic_statuses¶
List of dictionaries of the economic status for all chemicals in the mixture.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['o-xylene', 'm-xylene'], zs=[.5, .5]).economic_statuses [["US public: {'Manufactured': 0.0, 'Imported': 0.0, 'Exported': 0.0}", u'100,000 - 1,000,000 tonnes per annum', 'OECD HPV Chemicals'], ["US public: {'Manufactured': 39.805, 'Imported': 0.0, 'Exported': 0.0}", u'100,000 - 1,000,000 tonnes per annum', 'OECD HPV Chemicals']]
- property eos¶
Equation of state object held by the mixture. See : obj:thermo.eos_mix for a full listing.
- eos_in_a_box = []¶
- flashed = True¶
- property formulas¶
Chemical formulas for all chemicals in the mixture.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['ethanol', 'trichloroethylene', 'furfuryl alcohol'], ... ws=[0.5, 0.2, 0.3]).formulas ['C2H6O', 'C2HCl3', 'C5H6O2']
- property isentropic_exponent¶
Gas-phase ideal-gas isentropic exponent of the mixture at its current temperature, [dimensionless]. Does not include pressure-compensation from an equation of state.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['hydrogen'], ws=[1]).isentropic_exponent 1.405237786321222
- property isentropic_exponents¶
Gas-phase pure component ideal-gas isentropic exponent of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature, [dimensionless].
Does not include pressure-compensation from an equation of state.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['benzene', 'toluene'], ws=[0.5, 0.5], T=320).isentropic_exponents [1.1023398979313739, 1.080418846592871]
- property isobaric_expansion¶
Isobaric (constant-pressure) expansion of the mixture at its current phase, temperature, and pressure in units of [1/K]. Available only if single phase.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['water'], ws=[1], T=647.1, P=22048320.0).isobaric_expansion 0.34074205839222449
- property isobaric_expansion_g¶
Isobaric (constant-pressure) expansion of the gas phase of the mixture at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [1/K]. Available only if single phase.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['argon'], ws=[1], T=647.1, P=22048320.0).isobaric_expansion_g 0.0015661100323025273
- property isobaric_expansion_gs¶
Pure component isobaric (constant-pressure) expansions of the chemicals in the mixture in the gas phase at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [1/K].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['benzene', 'toluene'], ws=[0.5, 0.5], T=320).isobaric_expansion_gs [0.0038091518363900499, 0.0043556759306508453]
- property isobaric_expansion_l¶
Isobaric (constant-pressure) expansion of the liquid phase of the mixture at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [1/K]. Available only if single phase.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['argon'], ws=[1], T=647.1, P=22048320.0).isobaric_expansion_l 0.001859152875154442
- property isobaric_expansion_ls¶
Pure component isobaric (constant-pressure) expansions of the chemicals in the mixture in the liquid phase at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [1/K].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['benzene', 'toluene'], ws=[0.5, 0.5], T=320).isobaric_expansion_ls [0.0012736035771253886, 0.0011234157437069571]
- property k¶
Thermal conductivity of the mixture at its current phase, temperature, and pressure in units of [W/m/K]. Available only if single phase.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['ethanol'], ws=[1], T=300).kl 0.16313594741877802
- property kg¶
Thermal conductivity of the mixture in the gas phase at its current temperature, pressure, and composition in units of [Pa*s].
For calculation of this property at other temperatures and pressures, or specifying manually the method used to calculate it, and more - see the object oriented interface
thermo.thermal_conductivity.ThermalConductivityGasMixture
; each Mixture instance creates one to actually perform the calculations.Examples
>>> Mixture(['water'], ws=[1], T=500).kg 0.036035173297862676
- property kgs¶
Pure component thermal conductivies of the chemicals in the mixture in the gas phase at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [W/m/K].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['benzene', 'toluene'], ws=[0.5, 0.5], T=320).kgs [0.011865404482987936, 0.010981336502491088]
- property kl¶
Thermal conductivity of the mixture in the liquid phase at its current temperature, pressure, and composition in units of [Pa*s].
For calculation of this property at other temperatures and pressures, or specifying manually the method used to calculate it, and more - see the object oriented interface
thermo.thermal_conductivity.ThermalConductivityLiquidMixture
; each Mixture instance creates one to actually perform the calculations.Examples
>>> Mixture(['water'], ws=[1], T=320).kl 0.6369957248212118
- property kls¶
Pure component thermal conductivities of the chemicals in the mixture in the liquid phase at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [W/m/K].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['benzene', 'toluene'], ws=[0.5, 0.5], T=320).kls [0.13391538485205587, 0.12429339088930591]
- ks = None¶
- property legal_statuses¶
List of dictionaries of the legal status for all chemicals in the mixture.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['oxygen', 'nitrogen'], zs=[.5, .5]).legal_statuses [{'DSL': 'LISTED', 'EINECS': 'LISTED', 'NLP': 'UNLISTED', 'SPIN': 'LISTED', 'TSCA': 'LISTED'}, {'DSL': 'LISTED', 'EINECS': 'LISTED', 'NLP': 'UNLISTED', 'SPIN': 'LISTED', 'TSCA': 'LISTED'}]
- property mass_fractions¶
Dictionary of mass fractions for each atom in the mixture.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['CO2', 'O2'], zs=[0.5, 0.5]).mass_fractions {'C': 0.15801826905745822, 'O': 0.8419817309425419}
- property mass_fractionss¶
List of dictionaries of mass fractions for all chemicals in the mixture.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['oxygen', 'nitrogen'], zs=[.5, .5]).mass_fractionss [{'O': 1.0}, {'N': 1.0}]
- property mu¶
Viscosity of the mixture at its current phase, temperature, and pressure in units of [Pa*s]. Available only if single phase.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['ethanol'], ws=[1], T=400).mu 1.1853097849748213e-05
- property mug¶
Viscosity of the mixture in the gas phase at its current temperature, pressure, and composition in units of [Pa*s].
For calculation of this property at other temperatures and pressures, or specifying manually the method used to calculate it, and more - see the object oriented interface
thermo.viscosity.ViscosityGasMixture
; each Mixture instance creates one to actually perform the calculations.Examples
>>> Mixture(['water'], ws=[1], T=500).mug 1.7298722343367148e-05
- property mugs¶
Pure component viscosities of the chemicals in the mixture in the gas phase at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [Pa*s].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['benzene', 'toluene'], ws=[0.5, 0.5], T=320).mugs [8.082880451060605e-06, 7.442602145854158e-06]
- property mul¶
Viscosity of the mixture in the liquid phase at its current temperature, pressure, and composition in units of [Pa*s].
For calculation of this property at other temperatures and pressures, or specifying manually the method used to calculate it, and more - see the object oriented interface
thermo.viscosity.ViscosityLiquidMixture
; each Mixture instance creates one to actually perform the calculations.Examples
>>> Mixture(['water'], ws=[1], T=320).mul 0.0005767262693751547
- property muls¶
Pure component viscosities of the chemicals in the mixture in the liquid phase at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [Pa*s].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['benzene', 'toluene'], ws=[0.5, 0.5], T=320).muls [0.00045545522798131764, 0.00043274394349114754]
- property nu¶
Kinematic viscosity of the the mixture at its current temperature, pressure, and phase in units of [m^2/s]. Available only if single phase.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['argon'], ws=[1]).nu 1.3842643382482236e-05
- property nug¶
Kinematic viscosity of the gas phase of the mixture if one exists at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [m^2/s].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['methane'], ws=[1], T=115).nug 2.5118460023343146e-06
- property nugs¶
Pure component kinematic viscosities of the gas phase of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [m^2/s].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['benzene', 'hexane'], ws=[0.5, 0.5], T=320).nugs [5.357870271650772e-07, 3.8127962283230277e-07]
- property nul¶
Kinematic viscosity of the liquid phase of the mixture if one exists at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [m^2/s].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['methane'], ws=[1], T=110).nul 2.858088468937333e-07
- property nuls¶
Pure component kinematic viscosities of the liquid phase of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [m^2/s].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['benzene', 'hexane'], ws=[0.5, 0.5], T=320).nuls [5.357870271650772e-07, 3.8127962283230277e-07]
- property permittivites¶
Pure component relative permittivities of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature, [dimensionless].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['benzene', 'hexane'], ws=[0.5, 0.5], T=320).permittivites [2.23133472, 1.8508128]
- phase = None¶
- property rho¶
Mass density of the mixture at its current phase and temperature and pressure, in units of [kg/m^3]. Available only if single phase.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['decane'], ws=[1], T=550, P=2E6).rho 498.67008448640604
- property rhog¶
Gas-phase mass density of the mixture at its current temperature, pressure, and composition in units of [kg/m^3]. For calculation of this property at other temperatures, pressures, or compositions or specifying manually the method used to calculate it, and more - see the object oriented interface
thermo.volume.VolumeGasMixture
; each Mixture instance creates one to actually perform the calculations. Note that that interface provides output in molar units.Examples
>>> Mixture(['hexane'], ws=[1], T=300, P=2E5).rhog 7.914447603999089
- property rhog_STP¶
Gas-phase mass density of the mixture at 298.15 K and 101.325 kPa, and the current composition in units of [kg/m^3].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['nitrogen'], ws=[1]).rhog_STP 1.145534453639403
- property rhogm¶
Molar density of the mixture in the gas phase at the current temperature, pressure, and composition in units of [mol/m^3].
Utilizes the object oriented interface and
thermo.volume.VolumeGasMixture
to perform the actual calculation of molar volume.Examples
>>> Mixture(['water'], ws=[1], T=500).rhogm 24.467426039789093
- property rhogm_STP¶
Molar density of the mixture in the gas phase at 298.15 K and 101.325 kPa, and the current composition, in units of [mol/m^3].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['nitrogen'], ws=[1]).rhogm_STP 40.892374850585895
- property rhogms¶
Pure component molar densities of the chemicals in the gas phase at the current temperature and pressure, in units of [mol/m^3].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['benzene', 'toluene'], ws=[0.5, 0.5], T=320).rhogms [40.11392035309789, 41.407547778608084]
- property rhogs¶
Pure-component gas-phase mass densities of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [kg/m^3].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['benzene', 'toluene'], ws=[0.5, 0.5], T=320).rhogs [3.1333721283939258, 3.8152260283954584]
- property rhol¶
Liquid-phase mass density of the mixture at its current temperature, pressure, and composition in units of [kg/m^3]. For calculation of this property at other temperatures, pressures, compositions or specifying manually the method used to calculate it, and more - see the object oriented interface
thermo.volume.VolumeLiquidMixture
; each Mixture instance creates one to actually perform the calculations. Note that that interface provides output in molar units.Examples
>>> Mixture(['o-xylene'], ws=[1], T=297).rhol 876.9946785618097
- property rhol_STP¶
Liquid-phase mass density of the mixture at 298.15 K and 101.325 kPa, and the current composition in units of [kg/m^3].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['cyclobutane'], ws=[1]).rhol_STP 688.9851989526821
- property rholm¶
Molar density of the mixture in the liquid phase at the current temperature, pressure, and composition in units of [mol/m^3].
Utilizes the object oriented interface and
thermo.volume.VolumeLiquidMixture
to perform the actual calculation of molar volume.Examples
>>> Mixture(['water'], ws=[1], T=300).rholm 55317.352773503124
- property rholm_STP¶
Molar density of the mixture in the liquid phase at 298.15 K and 101.325 kPa, and the current composition, in units of [mol/m^3].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['water'], ws=[1]).rholm_STP 55344.59086372442
- property rholms¶
Pure component molar densities of the chemicals in the mixture in the liquid phase at the current temperature and pressure, in units of [mol/m^3].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['benzene', 'toluene'], ws=[0.5, 0.5], T=320).rholms [10882.699301520635, 9135.590853014008]
- property rhols¶
Pure-component liquid-phase mass density of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [kg/m^3].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['benzene', 'toluene'], ws=[0.5, 0.5], T=320).rhols [850.0676666084917, 841.7389069631628]
- property rhom¶
Molar density of the mixture at its current phase and temperature and pressure, in units of [mol/m^3]. Available only if single phase.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['1-hexanol'], ws=[1]).rhom 7983.414573003429
- rhos = None¶
- property rhosms¶
Pure component molar densities of the chemicals in the solid phase at the current temperature and pressure, in units of [mol/m^3].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['iron'], ws=[1], T=320).rhosms [140925.7767033753]
- property rhoss¶
Pure component solid-phase mass density of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature, in units of [kg/m^3].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['iron'], ws=[1], T=320).rhoss [7869.999999999994]
- property ringss¶
List of ring counts for all chemicals in the mixture.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['Docetaxel', 'Paclitaxel'], zs=[.5, .5]).ringss [6, 7]
- set_chemical_TP(T=None, P=None)[source]¶
Basic method to change all chemical instances to be at the T and P specified. If they are not specified, the the values of the mixture will be used. This is not necessary for using the Mixture instance unless values specified to chemicals are required.
- set_chemical_constants()[source]¶
Basic method which retrieves and sets constants of chemicals to be accessible as lists from a Mixture object. This gets called automatically on the instantiation of a new Mixture instance.
- property sigma¶
Surface tension of the mixture at its current temperature and composition, in units of [N/m].
For calculation of this property at other temperatures, or specifying manually the method used to calculate it, and more - see the object oriented interface
thermo.interface.SurfaceTensionMixture
; each Mixture instance creates one to actually perform the calculations.Examples
>>> Mixture(['water'], ws=[1], T=300, P=1E5).sigma 0.07176932405246211
- property sigmas¶
Pure component surface tensions of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature, in units of [N/m].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['benzene', 'toluene'], ws=[0.5, 0.5], T=320).sigmas [0.02533469712937521, 0.025254723406585546]
- property similarity_variables¶
Similarity variables for all chemicals in the mixture, see
chemicals.elements.similarity_variable
for the definition, [mol/g]Examples
>>> Mixture(['benzene', 'toluene'], ws=[0.5, 0.5]).similarity_variables [0.15362587797189262, 0.16279853724428964]
- property smiless¶
SMILES strings for all chemicals in the mixture.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['methane', 'ethane', 'propane', 'butane'], ... zs=[0.25, 0.25, 0.25, 0.25]).smiless ['C', 'CC', 'CCC', 'CCCC']
- property solubility_parameters¶
Pure component solubility parameters of the chemicals in the mixture at its current temperature and pressure, in units of [Pa^0.5].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['benzene', 'hexane'], ws=[0.5, 0.5], T=320).solubility_parameters [18062.51359608708, 14244.12852702228]
- property speed_of_sound¶
Bulk speed of sound of the mixture at its current temperature, [m/s].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['toluene'], P=1E5, VF=0.5, ws=[1]).speed_of_sound 478.99527258140211
- property speed_of_sound_g¶
Gas-phase speed of sound of the mixture at its current temperature, [m/s].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['nitrogen'], ws=[1]).speed_of_sound_g 351.77445481641661
- property speed_of_sound_l¶
Liquid-phase speed of sound of the mixture at its current temperature, [m/s].
Examples
>>> Mixture(['toluene'], P=1E5, T=300, ws=[1]).speed_of_sound_l 1116.0852487852942
- property synonymss¶
Lists of synonyms for all chemicals in the mixture.
Examples
>>> Mixture(['Tetradecene', 'Pentadecene'], zs=[.1, .9]).synonymss [['tetradec-2-ene', 'tetradecene', '2-tetradecene', 'tetradec-2-ene', '26952-13-6', '35953-53-8', '1652-97-7'], ['pentadec-1-ene', '1-pentadecene', 'pentadecene,1-', 'pentadec-1-ene', '13360-61-7', 'pentadecene']]
- xs = None¶
- ys = None¶